I think less participation is due to low awareness of Share Trading in India. and also the fear of loosing money as most of them treat it as luck. As per my observation some of the factors as follows
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Lack of financial literacy ( Especially about Stock Market Concepts), There is no subjects or concepts included about stock markets even in basic level in most of the Financial and management courses like MBA.
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No Awareness in General Public as they don’t understand how stock market work, in there terms investments is buying property or gold.
3.The markets have not been able to generate the trust that nationalised banks have been able to create in INDIA
4.Markets are subjected to RISK , But that “Risk” is misunderstood wrongly by General Public.